Add Emojis ti your code - Shortcut

In  visual studio 2022, you can add emojis like checkmark, smile and others in the code or logs to spruce  up your logs or comments. 

Shortcut Windows + ;

Search and chose name . 

For example 0 fire, checkmark

Authentication in .NET

 

Type	Common Use Case	Token Type / Auth Flow
✅ JWT Bearer Token	APIs, SPAs, Mobile Apps	Token-based (Stateless)
✅ Cookie Authentication	Web Apps (MVC / Razor Pages)	Cookie-based (Stateful)
✅ OAuth2 / OpenID Connect	Social Login, Enterprise SSO	External Identity Providers
✅ API Key Auth	Simple Public APIs	Key in Header/Query
✅ Windows Authentication	Intranet apps, Enterprise networks (AD/LDAP)	Windows/Kerberos
✅ Certificate Authentication	High-security APIs (B2B)	X.509 client certs
✅ Custom Token / HMAC	Legacy systems, Highly controlled environments	Custom logic

What does JWT Has 

JWT - JSON Web Token has 3 parts

Header  - metdata information

Payload  - User centric inform

Signature - 

Count colored cells in Google sheets - create custom formula

In the google sheets, use the following script and enjoy the function to count the colored cells 

=countColoredCells(B59:AF59, "#274e13")  #Green color code

 function countColoredCells(countRange,colorRef) {

  var count = 0;

  var activeRange = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveRange();

  var activeSheet = activeRange.getSheet();

  var formula = activeRange.getFormula();

 

  var rangeA1Notation = formula.match(/\((.*)\,/).pop();

  var range = activeSheet.getRange(rangeA1Notation);

  var bg = range.getBackgrounds();

  var values = range.getValues();

   

  for(var i=0;i<bg.length;i++)

    for(var j=0;j<bg[0].length;j++)

    {

      if( bg[i][j] == colorRef )

        count=count+1;

    }  

  return count;

};

Creating a Dental Application Front End using Angular

1. First install Nodejs from nodejs.org

2. Download and Install VSCode

3. After installing nodejs, set path environment 

4. Set the Path to nodejs

5. Then in terminal the following error occurs if we try to check "npm install" as npm is not added. 

npm : File C:\Program Files\nodejs\npm.ps1 cannot be loaded because running scripts is disabled on this system. For more information, see about_Execution_Policies at https:/go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135170.

At line:1 char:1

+ npm

+ ~~~

    + CategoryInfo          : SecurityError: (:) [], PSSecurityException

    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : UnauthorizedAccess

6. Run the following command:

Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned

7. Install Angular CLI using 

npm install -g @angular/cli

8. ng new mydental   

9. cd mydenal

10. ng serve mydental

11. For better UI, lets add Angular Material 

ng add @angular/material

12. Create your first component

ng generate component dashboard

AI Learning Roadmap

 Learning to create AI Agents is a fascinating journey that combines elements of programming, machine learning, and problem-solving. Here's a breakdown of how you can embark on this learning process:

1. Build a Strong Foundation:

• Programming Fundamentals:
• Python: This is the most common language for AI and machine learning due to its readability, extensive libraries, and active community. Learn basic syntax, data structures, control flow, and object-oriented programming concepts.
• Other Languages (Optional): While Python is primary, knowledge of languages like JavaScript (for web-based agents) or C++ (for performance-critical applications) can be beneficial later.
• Mathematics:
• Linear Algebra: Vectors, matrices, matrix operations are essential for understanding many machine learning algorithms.
• Calculus: Derivatives and gradients are crucial for understanding optimization techniques used in training models.
• Probability and Statistics: Understand probability distributions, hypothesis testing, and statistical inference.

2. Dive into Machine Learning (ML):

• Core Concepts:
• Supervised Learning: Regression, classification, various algorithms like linear regression, logistic regression, support vector machines (SVMs), decision trees, random forests, and neural networks.
• Unsupervised Learning: Clustering (k-means, hierarchical clustering), dimensionality reduction (PCA), anomaly detection.
• Reinforcement Learning (RL): Learning through trial and error, concepts like Q-learning, SARSA, policy gradients, and deep reinforcement learning.
• Libraries and Frameworks:
• Scikit-learn: A great library for general-purpose machine learning, offering implementations of many standard algorithms.
• TensorFlow and PyTorch: Powerful frameworks for building and training deep learning models. Choose one and learn it well.
• Keras: A high-level API that simplifies building neural networks, often used with TensorFlow or PyTorch.
• Start with Simple Projects:
• Handwritten digit recognition (MNIST dataset): A classic introductory project using neural networks.
• Spam detection: A practical application of text classification.
• Regression problems: Predicting house prices or other numerical values.

3. Understand AI Agent Concepts:

• What is an AI Agent?
• An agent that perceives its environment, takes actions, and learns to achieve a goal.
• Differentiated from simple AI models by their ability to interact with an environment.
• Key Components:
• Perception: How the agent receives information about the environment (sensors, data).
• Decision-Making: How the agent chooses actions (algorithms, policies).
• Action: How the agent affects the environment.
• Learning: How the agent improves over time based on experience.
• Types of Agents:
• Reflex Agents: Simple agents that react to current percepts without considering history.
• Model-Based Agents: Maintain an internal model of the world.
• Goal-Based Agents: Act to achieve a specific goal.
• Utility-Based Agents: Maximize a utility function that quantifies the desirability of states.
• Environments:
• Fully Observable vs. Partially Observable: Can the agent perceive all aspects of the environment?
• Deterministic vs. Stochastic: Are actions predictable?
• Discrete vs. Continuous: Are the state and action spaces discrete or continuous?

4. Learn Reinforcement Learning (RL) in Detail:

• The core of AI agents: RL is essential for enabling agents to learn to make decisions in dynamic environments.
• Key RL Concepts:
• Markov Decision Processes (MDPs): A mathematical framework for modeling decision-making problems.
• Exploration vs. Exploitation: Finding a balance between trying new things and exploiting known good strategies.
• Rewards and Punishments: The signals that guide the agent's learning.
• Value Functions: Estimating the long-term reward of being in a particular state.
• Policy: The agent's strategy for selecting actions.
• RL Algorithms:
• Q-Learning, SARSA: Table-based RL algorithms for discrete state and action spaces.
• Deep Q-Networks (DQNs): Combining Q-learning with deep neural networks for high-dimensional state spaces.
• Policy Gradient Methods (e.g., REINFORCE, PPO, A2C): Directly learning the policy.
• RL Environments:
• Gym (OpenAI): A toolkit for developing and comparing reinforcement learning algorithms, offering a variety of environments.
• Custom Environments: Create environments tailored to your specific needs.

5. Practice and Build Projects:

• Start with Simple Agents:
• Grid-world navigation: An agent learning to navigate a simple grid environment.
• Game-playing agents (e.g., Tic-Tac-Toe, simple games in Gym): Apply RL to train agents to play games.
• Gradually Increase Complexity:
• More complex game environments (e.g., Atari games using DQN).
• Developing agents for more realistic tasks.
• Experiment with different RL algorithms and architectures.
• Contribute to Open-Source Projects: This is a great way to learn from others and get real-world experience.

6. Stay Updated:

• Follow Research Publications: Keep up with the latest advancements in AI and RL.
• Attend Conferences and Workshops: Learn from experts and network with others.
• Online Courses and Tutorials: Resources like Coursera, edX, Udacity, and YouTube are invaluable for continuous learning.
• Online Communities and Forums: Engage with other learners and experts to ask questions and share knowledge.

Key Resources:

• Online Courses:
• Coursera's "Machine Learning" by Andrew Ng.
• Udacity's "Deep Reinforcement Learning Nanodegree".
• edX's "AI Professional Certificate".
• Books:
• "Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction" by Sutton and Barto (free online version).
• "Deep Learning" by Goodfellow, Bengio, and Courville (free online version).
• Libraries and Frameworks:
• Scikit-learn
• TensorFlow
• PyTorch
• Keras
• OpenAI Gym
• Websites:
• OpenAI
• DeepMind
• Google AI

Tips for Success:

• Be Patient and Persistent: Learning AI takes time and effort. Don't get discouraged by initial challenges.
• Focus on Understanding the Fundamentals: Don't just memorize code; strive to understand the underlying concepts.
• Start Small and Build Up: Begin with simple projects and gradually increase the complexity.
• Practice Regularly: The more you code and experiment, the better you'll become.
• Collaborate with Others: Learn from your peers and share your knowledge.

In summary, learning to create AI agents is a multifaceted process that requires a solid foundation in programming, math, and machine learning, with a strong focus on reinforcement learning. By following this roadmap, practicing consistently, and staying updated with the latest advancements, you can embark on a rewarding journey in this exciting field!

AI Agents

 Types of Agents:

1. Simple Reflex Agents

Ex : Thermostat

2. Model-Based Reflex Agents

Ex - Traffic management 

3. Goal Based Agent

Ex - Robotic arms

4. Utility-Based Agents

Ex: Investment ago 

5. Learning Based

6. Hierarchical 

Generative AI

 ChatGPT is developed by company OpenAI. This product became the first fastest growing internet product hitting 100 Million users in just 2 months. 

It was just a research project to ensure AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) is achieved for the benefits of humanity. 

ChatGPT refers to chat enabled version of Generative Pretrained Transformer model.

The company OpenAI is working with Microsoft since 2016 using Azure Cloud to train and run AI models. 

OpenAI APIs are hosted on Azure servers but it is maintained by OpenAI only. 

Microsoft has its own version of OpenAI api called AzureOpenAI Api.